Psychiatry is the branch of medicine that deals with diagnosing, treating, and preventing mental disorders. Mental disorders can affect individuals of all ages, races, genders, and socioeconomic backgrounds, ranging from mild to severe and significantly impacting an individual’s quality of life. The history of psychiatry dates back to ancient civilizations, evolving from a spiritual or moral issue to a more scientific understanding. The first mental hospital in the United States was established in the 18th century, and psychiatry has since grown and developed. This article covers the basics of psychiatry, common diagnoses, and available treatments.